Dengue fever (Dengue virus)

Dengue can present as Dengue fever (DF), Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) or
Dengue shock syndrome (DSS).

Clinical criteria
Any person with at least one of the following three forms:

Dengue fever
Fever AND at least two of the following seven:
- Retro-orbital or ocular pain
- Headache
- Rash
- Myalgia
- Arthralgia
- Leucopoenia
- Haemorrhagic features or a positive tourniquet test which do not meet the case definition of DHF

Dengue haemorrhagic fever
All four of the following:
- Fever lasting from 2-7 days
- Evidence of haemorrhagic manifestation or a positive tourniquet test
- Thrombocytopenia (≤100,000 cells per mm3)
- Evidence of plasma leakage (evidence of haemoconcentration with an increase in haematocrit ≥20% above average for age or a decrease in haematocrit ≥20% of baseline following fluid replacement therapy), OR pleural effusion, OR ascites OR hypoproteinemia.

Dengue shock syndrome (DSS)
All clinical criteria of dengue haemorrhagic fever AND evidence of circulatory failure (rapid weak pulse, narrow pulse pressure [<20mmHg] OR age-specific hypotension and cold, clammy skin and restlessness

Laboratory criteria
At least one of the following five:
- Isolation of dengue virus
- Detection of dengue virus by antigen assay
- Detection of specific flavivirus DNA
- Dengue virus specific antibody response (fourfold or greater rise or single high titre) demonstrated by IgG or PRNT
- Detection of dengue specific IgM in cerebrospinal fluid

Epidemiological criteria
NA

Case classification
A. Possible case
NA
B. Probable case
NA
C. Confirmed case
Any person meeting the clinical and the laboratory criteria

Current as of: 24 January 2019