CDC, US: Immigrant and Refugee Health
ECDC: Expert Opinion on the public health needs of irregular migrants, refugees or asylum seekers across the EU’s southern and south-eastern borders
Immunisation Guidelines for Ireland (NIAC)
WHO: Frequently asked questions on migration and health
UK Hepatitis B migrant health guidance
UK Hepatitis C migrant health guidance
ECDC migrant and refugee health
Last updated: 30 June 2026
